Mapping the nation's wetlands for equitable water quality, monitoring, conservation, and policy development

Award ID: 2344174

This project will accelerate development of a national-scale wetlands decision support tool for the United States. Wetlands sustain quality of life and provide nature-based solutions to climate variability impacts and many other challenges, yet more than 50% have been lost in the United States and globally. Informed decisions about wetlands management, policy, conservation, and restoration require accurate maps and scientific capacity to consider the role of wetlands in relation to a wide range of concerns such as water quality, wildlife habitat, indigenous First Foods, water storage for drought mitigation or flood control, farm water provisioning, recreation, sediment removal, carbon sequestration, and more. Current maps of wetlands in the United States derive from an earlier generation of science and are limited, often inaccurate, and poorly linked to other kinds of spatial information. This project will integrate advances in wetland science, computing, remote sensing, and geospatial tool development to predict where wetlands are and the services they provide. Our overarching goal is to create a Wetland Toolkit that provides access to state-of-the-art wetlands science; supports proactive conversations about water, water management, and wetlands policy; and provides the integrated information necessary for informed decision-making. In Phase 1 we will 1) gather and synthesize input on priority uses and needs from diverse users of the Wetland Toolkit, 2) identify available data and necessary computing resources, 3) create a prototype, and 4) develop plans for equitable delivery and a sustainable business model. In Phase 2 we will develop and implement the Wetland Toolkit for broad use at a national scale. Wetland locations (i.e. maps) form the foundation of the Toolkit, while upper layers characterize ecosystem services, adaptable to different user concerns. The Toolkit will generate a continuous (raster) dataset that can be layered with other continuous spatially explicit data layers at various spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions, such as hydrologic reconstructions of wetlands, carbon stock accounting, habitat characterization, water storage, indigenous First Foods restoration prioritization, conservation and regulatory prioritization, vegetation phenological reconstruction, long-term monitoring, and more. The final toolkit will encompass both analytical information layers (i.e. continuous rasters/pixels), discrete (vectors/polygons), and reporting (pdf and word doc) options and formats that will make it accessible for users ranging from technically skilled researchers to practitioners with limited resources. This project also will draw upon emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and platform designs that incentivize user participation in ways that improve the Toolkit outputs and models over time. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

NSF Program Director: Richard Farnsworth